Comedonal acne is just the medical name for whiteheads and blackheads. Inflammatory acne is defined as having red papules or pustules, and can also have whiteheads or blackheads mixed in. Finally, nodulocystic acne has deeper nodules or cysts. Acne care varies for each of these types, as does the strength of the acne treatment.

Treatment Of Whiteheads And Blackheads

Comedonal acne is best treated with topical solutions such as benzoyl peroxide and Retin-A. The key with these treatments is patience, as both of them can cause skin irritation if used too much too fast. To see maximum benefit from either of these treatments, six to eight weeks needs to elapse with consistent daily use.

In order to avoid the skin irritation that is common with these treatments, a good quality skin moisturizer is recommended. Used frequently throughout the day, a moisturizer can go a long way to keep the skin soft and pliable as the acne care products of choice do their job of sloughing off the old skin and removing the whiteheads and blackheads.

Treatment of Inflammatory Acne

Inflammatory acne may not only have red papules or pustules, but also a combination of whiteheads and blackheads. Because of this, an acne care program could include oral antibiotics as well as topical antibiotic solutions and oral contraceptives. Because of severity that inflammatory acne can reach, many people find that they will have to take a combination of two or more of these to get their acne under control.

Because acne treatment for inflammatory acne is primarily done with some form of antibiotic, over the long term, bacterial resistance can occur. Because of this, it is harder to control this type of acne than its comedonal counterpart. However, because whiteheads and blackheads are also very common with inflammatory acne, it is very important to use a good quality moisturizer to help the skin maintain it’s pliability and to cut down on redness and irritation.

Treatment of Nodulocystic Acne

Nodulocyctic acne care can include everything previously mentioned. However, when topical solutions and oral and topical antibiotics don’t work or don’t work well enough, strong treatments may be added. Accutane is a last resort treatment that can be used for this serious form of acne. It is used as a last resort due to the serious side effects such as liver damage that can occur from its long-term use.

Accutane should only be used under the direct supervision of a doctor familiar with its use, as regular blood tests are recommended to monitor liver function levels in the body.

While there are many ways to treat acne, its treatment and prevention usually boil down to either a topical or oral solution. Successful acne treatment can take up to six to nine weeks for mild to moderate acne and much longer for more severe levels. Patience is required, as is consistent use of any treatment selected.

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Salicylic Acid

Dead skin cells can get caught in pores causing clogging. This acne product slows down dead cells from sloughing off of your skin. In addition, salicylic acid can help destroy whiteheads and blackheads. Use this product sparingly as it can irritate skin. It is best to start with a lower dose of salicylic acid at around .5% and if this does not work gradually increase up to 2%.

Benzoyl Peroxide

This acne product is the most popular over the counter treatment on the market. It kills bacteria that can cause acne. In addition, is cleans away oil and dead skin preventing pores from getting clogged. Be careful with its use as it can dry out your skin and produce redness, scaling and some swelling. In addition, benzoyl peroxide can increase the skin’s sensitivity to the sun. It is best to start with a lower dose of 2.5% and gradually increase as long as your skin shows no negative reaction to this product.

Acetone and Alcohol

These two acne products can be found in liquid astringents or other face washes. They remove oil, dirt and make up from skin quite effectively. However, they can dry out skin and may cause burning when applied.

Sulfur and Resorcinol

These two products are usually found together in an acne product. They remove the dead skin and oil that can clog pores and cause pimples. In addition, they help breakup existing acne such as blackhead and whiteheads. Excessive use of sulfur and resorcinol can cause your skin to peel and produce redness.

Retinoids

Retinoids come from Vitamin A. They actually help the skin produce new and healthy cells. This prevents the pores from getting clogged. Overuse of this acne product can cause extreme peeling of the skin, redness, and burns. Be sure to use this product only as directed.

Antibiotics

Available only by prescription, this oral medication works on the bacteria in your skin that causes acne. There are some negative side effects from this medication so consult your dermatologist carefully before opting for this treatment.

Other Treatments

Newer therapies that are emerging include light and laser therapy. These therapies are believed to either reduce the oil produced from sebaceous glands or kill bacteria that can cause acne. Other new acne products include chemical peels and microdermabrasion. Both these treatments are thought to remove dead skin cells and unclog pores. It is best to speak with a dermatologist before trying any of these therapies.

When choosing any acne product, always start out with the lowest dose. Read the label carefully and follow the directions exactly as stated. Using the product beyond its maximum recommended daily dose could cause severe burning, redness, or peeling of your skin. And, only using the product occasionally may prevent it working at all.

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So you have cooled your bedroom, had a warm bath and gulped down your warm milk, gone through your relaxation ritual, counted sheep and you still cannot sleep. What do you do next?

According to controversial wisdom we are meant to spend a third of our lives asleep but for those who struggle to get a decent nights rest, it does not feel like it. Half of adults have symptoms of insomnia at any given time and causes are various – from hormonal to event related stress and anxiety.

If you have trouble dropping off at night start scrutinising your days. Sleep problems often happen because of stress or anxiety so be ware of where the problem is coming from and try to find a solution to it, but do not rule out simpler issues either. It might be an external noise, eating too late or eating the wrong types of food in the evening. You must ensure that your body gets the right amount of sleep it needs. Learn more : http://www.sleeptracks.com/go.php?offer=persevere1&pid=arb

Here are my stress and insomnia busting secrets you might want to try:

* Invest in a red light bulb – it will help those who wake up in the middle of the night. Bright lights tell your internal clock that it is time to wake up and stop your brain producing melatonin – our sleep drug, so if you do get up to use to loo and flick your switch the soft lights wont confuse your brain. It is also a good idea to dim all lights a good hour before you go to bed to kick start your melatonin production.

* Even if you have had an hour’s sleep you must get up at your normal time. If you sleep late into the morning your brain will think it can sleep when it wants and you will have trouble again at night. Pattern is extremely important which is why some people have trouble sleeping on a Sunday night after revelling all weekend. So struggle through the day, do some gentle exercise and go to bed at your normal time.

* If you have not dropped off after 20 minutes get out of bed and rest somewhere. Sit on your sofa and read a book otherwise you risk associating sleeplessness with your bed. If sleep has gone, it’s gone and you cannot force it to come back. Sleep happens; it is not something that you do. When you start feeling sleepy go back to bed and focus on your breathing which will help to distract you and relax you.

* Stop panicking about the magic 8 hours – it is like saying every body needs the same type of clothes or shoes – there is natural variation. There is naturally a dip in the afternoon but if you are alert and fully awake in the day up to about bedtime then the sleep you are getting is sufficient.

* Being active as much as you can during the day, and using 3 extremely powerful and effective sound technology http://www.sleeptracks.com/go.php?offer=persevere1&pid=1 purposely designed to combat insomnia, stress and anxiety, each with a specific purpose of:

1. Re-training the the brain’s activity during the day so you sleep well at night,

2. Training the brain to let you be guided gently from being awake to drowsy then to soundly asleep in minutes instead of hours and

3. Relaxing you during the day to help you combat and relieve stressful situations

* Drinking lots of still water and avoiding fizzy drinks and drinks with caffeine after 4pm

* Avoiding having spicy foods and foods that are protein rich after 7pm

* Finding a quiet place for 10 to 20 minutes duration power naps during the day or at lunch times

Have a wonderful new experience sleeping well and being healthy. If you need further help please drop me an email.

A Boadu

Sleep and Stress Nurse

sleepandstressnurse@googlemail.com

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Sleep apnea differs from UARS however, in that it is characterized by periods of ‘apnea’ or ‘hypopnea’ which happen frequently throughout the night, as demonstrated in the standard polysomnogram (also commonly referred to as a sleep study). ‘Apnea’ means that the sufferer experiences episodes where little or no air exchange occurs when attempting to breath while asleep, typically due to the tongue and other soft tissues relaxing and collapsing down into the back of throat and restricting air movement. This is the “obstructive” part of the term “obstructive sleep apnea.” Poor oxygenation during sleep causes the body and brain to experience fatigue the next day.

Although the symptoms among sleep apnea and UARS patients are similar, UARS does not entail significant findings of apnea or hypopnea, as demonstrated in a standard sleep study. Nor does UARS typically involve the tongue causing obstruction by collapsing down into the back of the throat, as happens with sleep apnea. Nonetheless, the impaired breathing of UARS, the cause of which up until now has not been fully understood in the medical community, involves decreased ventilation and oxygenation during the night which leads to a disrupted sleep pattern.

These sleep disruptions come in the form of mini-arousals (or mini waking periods) which may be observed and measured on an electroencephalogram (or EEG), which is an instrument that is used during conventional sleep studies. Again like sleep apnea, the result of the sleep disruptions and poor oxygenation during UARS is that the body and brain experience fatigue the following day.

When a patient who undergoes a sleep study is diagnosed with UARS instead of sleep apnea, many doctors will suggest that the patient consider a trial of the typical treatments for sleep apnea anyway, such as CPAP, palate surgery, or oral appliances. These treatments are not always effective for UARS however, and there are often reimbursement challenges with these treatments for UARS when dealing with many insurance companies, due to the absence of the actual diagnosis of sleep apnea.

The discovery and history of UARS: A physician and researcher at the prestigious Stanford University Sleep Medicine Program, Dr Christian Guilleminault, who is also a French citizen, is credited with bringing UARS to light within the medical community. Dr Guilleminault has been a researcher in the field of sleep medicine from the 1970’s until the present day. He was the first to recognize the ’sleep-disordered breathing’ condition which he termed ‘UARS’, in a series of medical journal articles that he wrote and published with his co-authors in the early 1990’s. The phrase sleep-disordered breathing refers to a group of related conditions that includes snoring, UARS, and sleep apnea, among others.

A seminal article on UARS is “A cause of excessive daytime sleepiness: The upper airway resistance syndrome”, which Dr Guilleminault co-published in the journal Chest. This is the official journal of the American College of Chest Physicians, and the article may be found in the 1993; 104 volume of Chest, on pages 781-787. A link where you can read this online if you’re interested is located at: http://www.chestjournal.org/cgi/reprint/104/3/781.

Prior to Dr Guilleminault’s published findings, patients who suffered from symptoms of UARS were commonly labeled by their physicians as “idiopathic hyersomniacs”, which is a medical term for patients who are excessively tired during the daytime, but for which the underlying cause is unknown. A common treatment for such patients had been the use of “stimulants,” such as amphetamines.

Dr Guilleminault admitted that stimulants had a role in the temporary treatment of tiredness that was truly “idiopathic,” and not due to any discernable underlying causes. However, he advocated that the use of stimulants was not ideal for the long-term treatment of patients diagnosed with sleep-disordered breathing conditions.

Early in his research on UARS, Dr Guilleminault performed studies on a group of patients who had been labeled as “idiopathic hypersomniacs” by their doctors. Dr G. found that a sub group of these patients displayed numerous very short arousal periods during the sleep studies which he performed on them. He found that these arousal periods correlated with an abnormal increase in respiratory efforts during sleep. In other words, he noticed that this sub group of patients labored to take deeper breaths shortly before their mini waking periods. He determined this through the use of a device which measures the esophageal pressures of his patients. The esophagus is the tube which carries your food from the back of your throat down to your stomach, when you swallow food. Dr G. found that the mini arousals were preceded by a peak in the inspiratory esophageal pressure.

To this day, many sleep specialists, when they discuss UARS with their patients, will mention that “esophageal pressure monitoring” (abbreviated Pes), combined with a sleep study, is necessary for definitively diagnosing UARS. This comes from Dr G.’s work and his discoveries regarding the characteristic rises in esophageal pressure which precede the transient night-time arousals in patient with UARS.

Nonetheless, esophageal pressure monitoring is not commonly used in sleep studies, and this measuring modality is rarely available, except perhaps for research studies like those which Dr G. conducted. Therefore, UARS is generally a “diagnosis of exclusion.” The diagnosis is usually arrived at “presumptively” when a patient has symptoms of sleep apnea, but the sleep study reveals that no apnea episodes are actually present at night.

Regarding treatment, Dr G. suggested that some patients suffering from UARS might be successfully treated with nasal CPAP on a temporary basis, and that in some cases palate surgery might provide relief, as well. Ultimately though, he conceded that a universal, long-term cure for UARS had yet to be discovered.

Want to learn more? Visit my website by clicking on the link provided below.

Eric Falcon, MD recently discovered a cure for his own UARS and snoring. Read about his unique remedy by visiting http://www.uarsrelief.com

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If you are above the age of 18 and want an aid to quit smoking, get Champix varenicline. It is manufactured by Pfizer and is only available on prescription. If you have made up your mind to quit smoking, ask a doctor if Champix varenicline is right for you. If you quit smoking with Champix (varenicline), it will help you by curbing nicotine cravings and reducing withdrawal symptoms. Champix also helps by reducing the pleasure associated with smoking.

About Champix – Quit smoking drug

The active ingredient in Champix is varenicline and it works by interfering with nicotine receptors in the brain. This part of the brain is related to smoking addiction. Champix affects nicotine receptor in two ways – first it imitates nicotine and attaches itself to the receptor to give the same pleasure like that of nicotine and second it blocks nicotine from attaching to receptors as varenicline binds to the receptors more tightly.

Champix varenicline quadruples the chances of successful smoking cessation as compared to quitting smoking without an aid. As Champix does not contain nicotine like some other quit smoking aids, it is non-addictive in nature. This helps you quit smoking without having to resort to other forms of nicotine.

Ingredients and strength of Champix

The active ingredient in Champix is varenicline. It is non-addictive in nature and mimics the effect of nicotine in brain. This relieves withdrawal symptoms and nicotine cravings and makes it easy for you to quit smoking.

* Dosage and strength

Champix varenicline comes in a weekly dose pack and the starter pack lasts for two weeks. The starter pack includes 0.5mg tablets and 1mg tablets, which are coloured white and light blue respectively. This helps in easy recognition.

The recommended standard dosage for Champix varenicline is as follows:

Days 1-3 — 0.5mg once daily

Days 4-7 — 0.5mg twice daily (morning & evening)

Days 8-End of primary treatment — 1.0mg twice daily (morning & evening)

If you continue to take Champix varenicline for further abstinence, you can take two Champix tabletsof 1mg from the 9th day until the end of the treatment. Normally, this is the standard dosage to quit smoking, recommended by doctors.

Always take Champix varenicline after eating and with a full glass of water and do not double dose if you miss a dose, just continue as normal.

If your doctor prescribes some other dosage schedule than the standard recommended dosage, follow his instructions. The schedule of your current medications or your tolerance level may have resulted in dosing difference.

Side effects of Champix varenicline

Champix side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent for different people depending on individual body type. The most common side effect of Champix varenicline is nausea. Most people who take Champix to quit smoking do not necessarily experience side effects. Nevertheless, it is important that you know about them, so that you will know during the quit smoking treatment, if you experience any side effect of Champix varenicline. You may or may not experience one or any of the side effects mentioned below:

* abdominal pain

* appetite changes

* exhaustion

* constipation

* dizziness

* dry mouth

* flatulence (passing gas)

* headache

* heartburn

* vomiting

* rash

* sleeping problem (difficulty sleeping or abnormal dreams)

* gingivitis

If you experience any of the above side effects of Champix varenicline and they become specifically bothersome, inform your doctor immediately.

Is Champix a safe quit smoking drug?

There are certain people and situations for which Champix varenicline is not safe. Other than that you can proceed to take Champix varenicline after consulting a doctor.

* If you are below 18 years of age or above 65 years of age

* If you are pregnant or are a lactating mother

* If you are allergic to varenicline or any other ingredient of Champix

* If you have kidney problems

* If you are taking medications for asthma, diabetes, vitamin or herbal tablets or blood thinners

If you have any such problems, do not take Champix varenicline to quit smoking.

Remember, it may not always be easy to stop smoking, but with patience and persistence you may emerge as a winner.

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Increased Health Risk of Heart Disease
The risk of heart attack, congestive heart failure, sudden cardiac death, angina or chest pain is increased in persons who are overweight or obese. High blood pressure is twice as common in adults who are obese than in those who are at a healthy weight. Obesity is associated with high triglycerides and decreased HDL cholesterol.

Increased Health Risk of Stroke
Atherosclerosis, or narrowing of the arteries, which may lead to the formation of an arterial blood clot, is an important pre-condition of many strokes. Atherosclerosis is accelerated by high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol and lack of exercise. Obesity, especially morbid obesity is frequently associated with a high-fat diet, raised blood pressure and lack of exercise. Thus obesity is now considered an important secondary risk factor for strokes.

Increased High Blood Pressure
This may then also lead to:

Headaches
Ear noise & buzzing
Tiredness
Shortness of breath
Excessive sweating
Confusion
Vision changes
Nose bleeds
Blood in urine
Kidney damage / failure
Strokes

Increased Health Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
A weight increase of 11-18 pounds raises a person’s risk of developing type 2 diabetes to twice that of individuals who have not gained weight. Over 80 percent of people with diabetes are overweight or obese. This may account for the newly invented word, “diabesity”®, which signifies the close association between obesity and diabetes.

Increased Health Risk of Cancers
Obesity is associated with an increased risk for some types of cancer including endometrial (cancer of the lining of the uterus), colon, gall bladder, prostate, kidney, and post-menopausal breast cancer. Women gaining more than 20 pounds from age 18 to midlife double their risk of post-menopausal breast cancer, compared to women whose weight remains stable.

Increased risk of Erectile Dysfunction

This stressful disorder is often linked to Insulin Resistance, an imbalance in blood glucose and insulin levels associated with excess weight and obesity. Being overweight can place extra strain on the cardiovascular system and disrupt the delicate balance required to achieve an erection and, therefore, cause ED.

Excess insulin created by Insulin Resistance is implicated in ED because it damages the endothelium of cardiovascular vessels. The endothelium is the layer on the inside of the vessel which secretes chemical mediators that instruct the vessel to contract or relax. To achieve an erection, a release of nitric oxide from the endothelium creates vascular dilation, which allows vessels to fill with blood. This influx of blood is necessary to achieve an erection. Any decrease in nitric oxide supply to the penis caused by the insulin-damaged endothelium lessens or prevents vascular dilation and contributes to erectile dysfunction.

If neglected, excess weight gain can also lead to other conditions linked to ED like the cluster of increased risk factors for cardiovascular disease called Metabolic Syndrome (Syndrome X) as well as Pre-Diabetes, which, if neglected, can lead to irreversible Type 2 Diabetes. Between 35-50% of men with Diabetes experience ED because the disease can damage nerves and arteries, making it difficult to achieve an erection. However, major weight loss can be achieved can by reversing Insulin Resistance, thus removing major factors in the onset of ED.

As many as 70% of ED cases are caused by cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. This disorder is a type of hardening of the arteries in which cholesterol, fat and other blood components build up in artery walls via poor diet and lack of regular exercise resulting in excess weight gain.

As the condition progresses, the arteries to the heart may narrow, reducing the flow of oxygen-rich blood and nutrients to the heart and brain. This restriction can also reduce blood flow to the tissues of the penis, causing ED.

Other excess weight and obesity-linked cardiovascular diseases that can cause ED are hypertension (high blood pressure) and high levels of triglycerides and LDL “bad” cholesterol in combination with low levels of HDL “good” cholesterol – all factors in reversible Metabolic Syndrome.

Increased Health Risk of Fatty Liver Disease
The main cause of non alcoholic fatty liver disease is insulin resistance, a metabolic disorder in which cells become insensitive to the effect of insulin. One of the most common risk factors for insulin resistance is obesity, especially central abdominal obesity. Studies indicate a correlation between body mass index (BMI) and the degree of liver damage. The higher the BMI the worse the liver disease.

Obesity is a Risk Factor for Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Although obesity is not a direct cause of chronic venous insufficiency, it is an important risk factor. This is because obesity, especially morbid obesity, leads to raised blood pressure, a sedentary lifestyle and musculoskeletal problems (hampering mobility and use of leg muscles), all of which are contributory factors in the development of chronic venous insufficiency. Obese patients also have an increased health risk of other vascular disorders (eg. lower-limb ischemia), caused by inadequate blood flow to the extremities.

Increased Health Risk of Gallbladder Disease
The risk of gallstones is approximately 3 times greater for obese patients than in non-obese people. Indeed, the risk of symptomatic gallstones appears to correlate with a rise in body mass index (BMI).

Increased Health Risk of Breathing Problems
Obstructive sleep apnea (that is, interrupted breathing during sleeping) is more common in obese persons. Obesity is associated with a higher prevalence of asthma and severe bronchitis, as well as obesity hypoventilation syndrome and respiratory insufficiency.

Obesity and Deep Vein Thrombosis
Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis include prior history of the disease, vascular damage, hypertension and predisposition to blood clotting. Although obesity (BMI 30+) has traditionally been recognized as a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, experts now consider that the evidence supporting this association is inadequate, as much depends on other factors such as history, illness, immobility, and age.

Increased Health Risk of Arthritis
Musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoarthritis, are much more prevalent among obese patients, especially patients diagnosed with severe clinical or morbid obesity. Health studies show that obesity is a strong predictor for symptoms of osteoarthritis, especially in the knees. The risk of osteoarthritis increases with every 2-pound gain in weight.

Increased Health Risks for Expectant Mother and Baby
Obesity has a strong detrimental effect on the health of both mother and new-born baby, both during and after pregnancy. Obesity while pregnant is associated with a higher risk of death in both the baby and the mother. It also raises the risk of high blood pressure in the Mom, by 10 times. Obesity during pregnancy is also associated with an increased risk of birth defects, such as spina bifida. Obesity-related health problems occurring after childbirth include higher risk of wound and endometrial infection, endometritis and urinary tract infection.

Psychological and Social Effects of Obesity
Emotional suffering may be one of the most painful parts of obesity. American society emphasizes physical appearance and often equates attractiveness with slimness, especially for women. Such messages make overweight people feel unattractive.

Other Risks:
- Elevated serum cholesterol levels
- Elevated LDL (”bad” cholesterol) levels
- Decreased HDL (”good” cholesterol) levels
- Elevated triglyceride levels
- Decreased blood oxygen
- Decreased testosterone levels
- Irregular menstrual cycles
- Incontinence
- Increased surgical risks
- Tinnitus
- Reduced immune function
- Swollen joints / fluid retention
- Muscular aches and pains, particularly:

Neck
Shoulders
Chest
- Biomechanical injuries & faults, including:

Sunken arches / flat foot
Heel spurs
Plantar fasciitis
Shin soreness
Creaking knees
Achilles tendonitis
Calcific tendonopathy
Sprained ankles
Bone chips
- Impotence
- Infertility
- Loss of libido

Health Improvements after Weight Reduction
The good news is that losing a small amount of weight can reduce your chances of developing heart disease or a stroke. Reducing your weight by 10 percent can decrease your chance of developing heart disease by improving how your heart works, blood pressure, and levels of blood cholesterol and triglycerides. Studies show that you can improve your health by losing as little as 10 to 20 pounds.

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In wearing those metal brackets as well as having the treatment, a person must be patient enough to maintain his teeth’s cleanliness so that he will not going to develop tooth decay. Since the equipments or appliances that were used in the orthodontic treatment like wires, rubber bands, springs and braces were easy to be stained by some foods and plaque there is a big possibility to develop tooth decay and to prevent this, a person should always maintain the cleanliness of the teeth using fluoride toothpaste or it would be best also to use fluoride mouthwash afterwards since it will clean those portions of the teeth that is not reached by toothbrush.

In cleaning the teeth it is a must to use floss and brush the teeth in the right way; first, you should place the floss to the space between the upper portion of the tooth that is close to the gum and the main arc wire and then try to do a saw motion on to it gently so that the food will be removed. After this, you have to brush your teeth with a normal soft toothbrush in an up and down motion; you have to make sure that you will clean each tooth.

The next thing that you have to do is to use a “Christmas tree brush” or what they call proxabrush that is solely designed for teeth that have braces. Then you can brush your teeth from the bottom up to the top and repeated motions until every tooth is clean. If this would be done always after eating then you can protect your teeth against cavity or tooth decay and you will also have a perfect smile of clean and fresh breath.

Of course, like other treatments, there are some things that a dental patient has to remember all the time and this is about the foods that a patient should avoid so that it won’t be hard for him/her to brush and clean the teeth. The foods that should be avoided were those foods that are hard to chew or those which can stick to your teeth like apples, caramels, corn, hard pretzels, popcorns, nuts, carrots, chewing gum and even cubes of ice and the likes. All of these can either break or damage and stain your braces and retainers so as much as possible avoid these certain types of foods.

It is also important to consider the cleanliness of your retainers; it is very important to clean it once a day to maintain its cleanliness or you can also wear a mouth
guard that is designed to protect your teeth if in case you get hit in the mouth.

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